Prompt Cast
Exclaves and Enclaves: Unique Territories Surrounded by Another Country
TLDR Exclaves and enclaves are territories that are geographically separated from the main part of a country by surrounding alien territory or entirely surrounded by another country. These unique territories, such as Campione di Italia and Bussingen, have their own set of rules and can create complex border arrangements, causing issues for the people living within them.
Timestamped Summary
00:00
There are parts of some countries that are separate from the mainland and totally surrounded by another country, known as exclaves and enclaves.
01:33
Exclaves are portions of a state or territory that are geographically separated from the main part by surrounding alien territory, while enclaves are territories that are entirely surrounded by the territory of another state.
02:58
Campione di Italia is an Italian exclave surrounded by Switzerland, with its own unique set of rules including the use of the Swiss franc and Swiss tax rates, and is dominated by a large casino; Switzerland also has the German exclave of Bussingen, which is close to the German border and mostly uses Swiss francs.
04:17
The Venbon train track, which was originally seated to Belgium after World War I but later given back to Germany, is now a bicycle path that Belgium has to pay for, and Belgium and the Netherlands have a complex exclave-on-clave arrangement with buildings and islands straddling the border.
05:41
After the partition of British India, there were 102 exclaves of India inside of Bangladesh and 71 exclaves of Bangladesh within India, causing issues for the 50,000 people living in these enclaves who were effectively trapped due to border restrictions.
07:13
In 2015, a treaty between India and Bangladesh eliminated all of the enclaves, leaving some people on both sides of the border in the wrong country, and within the United States, there are few true exclaves, such as the Kentucky Bend and Ellis Island.
08:33
There are many more enclaves, penny enclaves, practical enclaves, and cultural enclaves around the world, each with a unique story of how they became a country within another country.
