00:00 Dido of Carthage, the legendary founder of Carthage and tragic heroine in Virgil's epic the Aeneid, is explored in this episode in honor of Tunisia.

03:35 Dido, the tragic heroine in Virgil's Aeneid, commits suicide after Aeneas leaves her, and prophesies that Hannibal will be Rome's greatest enemy.

06:49 Dido, also known as Elissa, is portrayed in various traditions as the founder of Carthage and a cunning and clever leader.

10:22 Dido's story, as told by Trogas and Timaeus, portrays her as a chaste woman who immolates herself to keep the king of the Berbers at bay, in contrast to Virgil's version where she dies out of love for Aeneas.

13:29 The Carthaginians and Phoenicians were known for sacrificing their own children in times of immense stress, which was seen as evidence of their monstrous cruelty by the Greeks and Romans, but could also be interpreted as a display of love for their children and devotion to the gods. The story of Dido immolating herself aligns with this Carthaginian tradition, and other elements of Carthaginian tradition, such as their desire to remain separate from the native African population, further support the origins of the story.

16:33 The Carthaginians and Phoenicians were determined to preserve their identity and bloodline by not intermarrying with the local Berber tribes, and there is evidence that coins minted by the Carthaginians depicted a woman, possibly Dido, as their founder, suggesting that the Romans' portrayal of Dido as a villainous figure may not be entirely accurate.

19:54 Dido's character in Virgil's Aeneid changes after Aeneas leaves, leading to her contemplating violent acts but ultimately immolating herself and calling vengeance on the descendants of Aeneas, highlighting the costs of empire and duty in the tragic story of Carthage.