00:00 Schizophrenia is a misunderstood and underfunded mental illness, with many people not receiving the help they need and a significant number of those affected being homeless or in jail.

04:44 Schizophrenia was classified as a mental illness in 1893, and it is often misunderstood as a split personality disorder, but it actually refers to a disconnect with reality and a psychotic break.

09:24 Schizophrenia can manifest in different forms, including paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual, each with its own set of symptoms and characteristics.

13:51 Schizophrenia is often accompanied by delusions and hallucinations, with the most common hallucination being auditory, such as hearing voices that can come from anywhere. These voices can sometimes command the individual to harm themselves or others, leading to a high risk of suicide.

18:30 Hallucinations of touch and delusions of reference are common symptoms of schizophrenia, but despite the dark nature of the disorder, a significant percentage of individuals with schizophrenia are able to live fairly well with the condition after a decade of diagnosis, with 25% completely recovering, 25% significantly improving and becoming relatively independent, and 25% improving but still requiring a strong support network. However, a concerning 10% of individuals with schizophrenia end up dying by suicide, which is significantly higher than the general population.

23:19 The recovery rate for schizophrenia in developing nations is higher than in the industrialized world, potentially due to less stigma and more job opportunities.

27:31 The causes of schizophrenia are believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including certain genes and in-utero exposure to flu or toxoplasmosis.

32:27 Schizophrenia may be triggered by a dormant retrovirus in our genes that is activated by early exposure to an infection, and researchers are investigating the brain mechanism that derails decision making in people with schizophrenia.

37:05 Setting small goals and building up confidence can have a measurable effect in the recovery of individuals with schizophrenia, and seeking treatment during the prodrome period when symptoms first start to appear greatly increases the success rate of treatment.

41:56 The hosts receive some corrections and feedback from listeners, including a correction on the pronunciation of "Jainism" and an explanation of Hinduism's belief in one universal soul or God.