00:00 Twins are less common than people think, with fraternal twins being more common than identical twins, and to understand how twins are made, it's important to first understand how babies are made.

04:08 Fraternal twins occur when the mother releases two eggs and each is fertilized by a different sperm, resulting in two developing zygotes.

08:14 Monozygotic twins occur when one egg is fertilized and splits into two, resulting in two identical human beings, but if the split happens later in development, the twins may share a placenta and amniotic sacs, which can lead to unequal development and complications like fetal growth restriction or twin to twin transfusion syndrome.

12:34 Conjoined twinning occurs when the zygote splits very late during gestation and never fully divides, resulting in different types of conjoined twins based on where the body is fused, including Terrata, Cata, and Didima.

16:39 Fetus and fichu is a rare form of parasitic twinning where an underdeveloped twin is found in the body of the living twin, often in the form of a teratoma, and it is considered a tragedy when discovered.

20:57 Superfecundation and superfetation are two types of twinning where a woman can release two eggs at different times and be pregnant with twins born weeks apart, and in the case of superfecundation, the twins can have different fathers and share 75% of their DNA.

25:08 A group in New York purposefully separated twins in the adoption process and studied them to settle the nature versus nurture debate, but public sentiment changed and the study was sealed, although it is expected to be released in the next 10 or 20 years.

29:04 The rate of twins is consistent throughout the world, with about one in 250 births, but it varies by ethnic group, with African Americans and Africans having higher rates and Chinese people having lower rates.

33:16 Some experiments show a special bond between twins, but it is likely due to growing up together and shared preferences and interests; there are many famous twins, including Mario and Dreddy, Jenna and Barbara Bush, Giselle Bunchen, Vin Diesel, Scarlett Johansson, Ashton Kutcher, Alanis Morissette, Parker Posey, Kiefer Sutherland, and Kim and Kelly Deal; there was a TV show about two twins who mimicked each other exactly, but one was found drowning the other in a creek and the outcome is unknown.

37:17 The hosts receive some fan feedback and discuss a rumor about Arthur the Weatherman, hoping to find out if he is alive or not.