The Role of Geography in Shaping a Country's Success or Failure
TLDR Geopolitics is influenced by a country's geography, with factors such as strategic location, natural resources, and internal waterway systems playing a crucial role in determining a country's success. Countries like the United States and China have benefited from favorable geography, while countries like Canada and Mexico face challenges due to their geographical limitations.
Timestamped Summary
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Geopolitics is the result of the unique set of interests, desires, and abilities that arise from the geographical differences between countries.
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The United States is considered to have the best geography due to its strategic location, natural resources, and extensive internal waterway system.
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Canada's geography is not as good as the United States due to its cold and unproductive land, limited population distribution, and underdeveloped internal waterway system, while Mexico faces challenges with its deserts and lack of internal waterways.
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China's geography, including natural borders and a mix of low and high agricultural productivity, has historically protected the country and limited its expansion, while also making it the largest producer of food and coal in the world.
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China's lack of oil and vulnerability to oil disruptions by sea has led to a foreign policy focus on controlling areas off its coast, such as Taiwan and the Spratly Islands, while Russia's lack of coastal access has shaped its history and made it heavily dependent on rail transportation.
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Russia's foreign policy has been shaped by its vulnerable geographical position, with invasions from both the east and the west leading to a policy of expansion to create buffer zones.
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Geography is incredibly important and while it may not be everything, it plays a significant role in shaping a country's success or failure.