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The Process of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Explained
TLDR In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a popular form of assisted reproductive technology that involves ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilization, and embryo transfer. It has been successful in helping millions of couples conceive, although it is not always covered by insurance.
Timestamped Summary
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In vitro fertilization, also known as IVF, was first successfully used in 1978 to conceive the first human test tube baby, and since then over 35 million IVF babies have been born.
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IVF is a simple process that involves catheters, timing, and hormones, and the success rates of conceiving with IVF are similar to natural birth rates according to age.
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IVF is the most popular form of assisted reproductive technology, with about 7.3 million people turning to it for infertility, and about 50% of ART methods are low tech, such as using hormones or antibiotics.
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Artificial insemination is a form of assisted reproductive technology that involves implanting sperm intravaginally or intracervically, and if the sperm is washed and directly implanted into the uterus, it is called intrauterine insemination (IUI).
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The IVF process involves ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs, which can be fertilized with sperm from various sources, and the eggs are timed and monitored appropriately.
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After the eggs have matured, they are retrieved using a suction device or laparoscopic surgery, and then the best sperm is added to the eggs in a culture to begin the fertilization process.
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After the fertilization process, the embryo is observed for a couple of days to ensure normal progression before being transferred back into the mother's uterus using a catheter.
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In addition to the physical risks involved in the IVF process, there are also alternative methods such as GIFT and ZIFT, which mimic natural pregnancy but are used in a very small percentage of cases, while ICSI is a more commonly used treatment where a single sperm is injected directly into the egg.
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IVF procedures are not always covered by insurance, but some states have laws requiring coverage, such as Massachusetts, which has some of the best IVF doctors.
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This section does not contain relevant information about how in vitro fertilization works.
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