00:00 Nostalgia is a paradoxical emotion that can transport us to the past and evoke both fondness and mourning simultaneously.

06:17 Nostalgia offers an escape from the uncertainty of the future and towards the permanence of the past, providing comfort and a sense of knowing in a time of constant instability.

11:40 Nostalgia, characterized by symptoms such as sadness and longing for home, was believed to be a fatal disease that affected soldiers and mercenaries, and while there were various theories about its cause, the only cure was believed to be sending the sufferer back home, leading to attempts to prevent nostalgia from spreading in the first place.

16:41 Nostalgia is not just a western phenomenon, as similar sentiments and words exist in various cultures around the world, but the western conception of nostalgia was first medicalized in Swiss and then spread to British, French, and American soldiers, while enslaved people and Native Americans were denied the ability to feel nostalgia.

22:23 Nostalgia was not just about war or home, but rather about change and the loss of what was once known, becoming an incurable modern condition in reaction to the world's modernization and people's increasing mobility.

28:11 Nostalgia became a literary sensibility during the rise of romanticism in the 19th century, expressing the angst and longing for the past in a highly emotional and yearning way, and it also played a crucial role in the preservation and restoration of national heritage, such as the Notre Dame Cathedral in France.

33:59 Nostalgia became a widely accepted and marketable mood rather than a malady, leading to its use in directing and capitalizing on people's feelings of longing and yearning.

39:38 Nostalgia has become a defining emotion of our time, with waves of nostalgia following major crises, such as 9/11, the Great Recession, and COVID-19, leading to the reintroduction and popularity of past products and media.

45:49 Nostalgia is often sought out during times of chaos and crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, as people yearn for the stability and comfort of the past, leading to the popularity of nostalgic media and products, which is capitalized on by large media companies and politicians to attract attention and influence behavior.

51:14 Nostalgia is a complex and multifaceted emotion that can be both manipulated and used for coping with difficult emotions, and while it may not be inherently good or bad, it is deeply ingrained in human experience and can serve as a connection to the past and a tool for building a more equitable future.