The Peasants' Revolt: Rebellion, Negotiations, and Consequences in Richard II's Reign
TLDR The Peasants' Revolt, led by Wat Tyler, resulted in negotiations with King Richard II, who agreed to abolish serfdom and make radical reforms. However, after the rebellion was suppressed, Richard reversed his promises, leading to further rebellions and long-lasting consequences for his reign.
Timestamped Summary
00:00
The rebels led by Wat Tyler demanded that no man should be a serf, but instead pay rent for land and work as they wished, and King Richard II agreed to their terms.
05:42
The rebels target the Savoy Palace, the home of John of Gaunt, who is disliked by both the rebels outside of London and some people within London, and they also attack prisons, release prisoners, and sack Lambeth Palace, the home of the Archbishop of Canterbury.
09:59
The rebels, who are royalists, admire and respect King Richard II because they believe that owing their lands directly to the king is better than owing it to feudal intermediaries, and they also sentimentalize and romanticize Richard II because he is a boy king with a prestigious lineage, leading to enduring consequences for his reign; however, when Richard attempts to negotiate with the rebels, his advisors steer him away, infuriating the rebels and leading them to take control of London.
14:25
The rebels destroy John of Gaunt's palace and all of his possessions, burning what they can and dumping the rest in the Thames, while also targeting wealthy individuals in London who they see as their enemies.
19:00
Richard II, the 14-year-old king, agrees to abolish serfdom and destroy monopolies and trading privileges, making radical egalitarian and free market reforms, in negotiations with the rebels.
23:43
The rebels, led by prominent figures, manage to break into the Tower of London and execute five people, including the Archbishop of Canterbury, but not all rebels disperse and London remains unsettled with roaming mobs hunting down foreign merchants.
28:09
Richard meets with the rebels, led by Wat Tyler, who demand the abolition of poaching laws, feudal courts, and the entire hierarchy of the church, with Richard agreeing to their terms but likely having no intention of upholding them.
32:24
After agreeing to the rebels' demands, Wat Tyler is mortally offended and attacked by the mayor of London, resulting in his death, and the rebellion is effectively over as Richard II leads the rebels out of the city and they are surrounded and disarmed at Clarkinwell Fields.
36:33
Richard II initially hesitates to go back on his promises to the rebels, but eventually reverses them, leading to further rebellions across the country, which are eventually suppressed by Richard's advisors and allies.
40:47
The rebels are confirmed in their pardon, but their stated aims are not achieved, except for the abolition of poll taxes, which would not be reintroduced for 600 years.
45:17
The episode concludes by discussing the impact of the Peasants' Revolt on the young Richard II and teases future episodes on his reign and the poet Geoffrey Chaucer, while also promoting the Rest Is History Club for early access to episodes and other benefits.
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History