00:00 Bats are cute animals and there are many cute bat videos on YouTube.

04:33 Bats are the only flying mammals and there are about 1200 species of bats belonging to the order Chiroptera, which is subdivided into megabats and microbats, although the classification is now based on genetic testing rather than size.

09:10 Bats are divided into two suborders based on what they eat, with micro bats being carnivorous and mega bats being herbivorous, and their wings are more similar to a human's hand than a bird's wing.

14:03 Bats likely evolved from a tree dwelling mammal and flying developed before echolocation, according to fossil evidence.

19:16 Bats use echolocation to locate and identify their prey, such as mosquitoes, by creating sound waves and listening for the echo.

24:04 Bats determine distance, location, size, and direction using echolocation, and they generate ultrasonic sounds through their mouths or noses while flying.

28:55 Bats hang upside down while sleeping because it requires no energy and allows them to regulate their internal temperature.

33:47 Bats can regulate their internal temperature and metabolic rate, allowing them to conserve energy when their metabolism slows and hibernate or migrate to warmer climates, and they are beneficial to humans as they eat tons of insects, pollinate plants like bananas and agave, and their guano is a rich fertilizer that has been used for gunpowder and explosives.

38:51 Bats have a unique way of feeding on blood, reproduce only once a year and face a threat from white nose fungus that is spreading rapidly and causing high mortality rates.

43:35 In some parts of South America, caves full of bats are bombed in response to rabies outbreaks, but this method is ineffective because the bats that are killed are not the ones spreading rabies.

48:00 This section does not contain any relevant information related to the podcast episode "How Bats Work."