00:00 Supernovae are the most interesting phenomenon in the universe and the James Webb Space Telescope may be able to see them through Space Dust.

05:58 Supernovae are the end stage of a star's life cycle, and the remnants of these explosions go on to form more stars in a self-reinforcing and self-sustaining cycle that resembles the carbon cycle on Earth.

10:50 Supernovae are incredibly bright and can outshine entire galaxies, and the light from these explosions can take millions of years to reach us on Earth.

15:23 There are two types of supernovae, with type 1 supernovae being super bright but short-lived and lacking hydrogen.

20:31 Type 1a supernovae occur when a white dwarf star orbits a bigger star and sucks matter off of it until it reaches a certain mass limit, causing a thermonuclear reaction that blows the star to smithereens, while type 2 supernovae occur when a massive star runs out of fuel, causing the pressure to drop, gravity to win, and a big bang-like explosion to occur.

25:11 Type 2 supernovae occur when a massive star collapses in on itself due to gravity, causing the core to explode with equal force, while type 1A supernovae occur when a white dwarf star reaches a certain mass limit and undergoes a runaway thermonuclear chain reaction, resulting in a star-sized carbon bomb explosion.

30:15 Supernovae provide valuable information about the brightness, composition, and age of celestial objects in their vicinity.

34:53 Type 2A supernovae are more chaotic than previously thought, as evidenced by the discovery of the Champagne Supernova in 2006, which exceeded the previously understood limits.

39:33 Type 2 supernovae can either turn into a black hole if the star is larger than 40 solar masses, or a neutron star if it is smaller, and neutron stars can spin and release flashes of light called pulsars.

44:42 Supernova explosions are not a threat to Earth because our sun is not large enough to go supernova and it is not part of a binary star system, but there are still many interesting phenomena associated with supernovae, such as zombie stars that undergo supernova multiple times.

49:13 This section does not contain relevant information about supernovae.