Causes and Outcomes of the Spanish-American War
TLDR The Spanish-American War, a brief conflict in 1898 between the United States and Spain, resulted in Spain's loss of most of its colonies, including Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, to the United States, marking the end of Spain's imperial power and the beginning of U.S. overseas expansion.
Timestamped Summary
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The Spanish-American War, a brief conflict in 1898 between the United States and Spain, still has lasting impacts today.
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Spain's decline in the 19th century led to the loss of most of its colonies, including significant islands like Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, while the United States was on the rise economically and politically, with growing interest in Cuban independence and overseas expansion.
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Unrest in Cuba led to a major revolt in 1868, and the incident that eventually sparked the Spanish-American War began in 1895 with Cuban revolutionaries attempting an invasion, leading to reports of Spanish brutality sensationalized by yellow journalism.
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Attitudes in the U.S. shifted in favor of Cuban independence after the USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor in 1898, leading to public outcry and President McKinley seeking authorization for military force from Congress.
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The United States declared war on Spain after the Teller Amendment was passed, leading to a naval blockade on Cuba and the U.S. Navy's victory over the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, marking the beginning of the Spanish-American War.
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The American forces successfully landed in Cuba, engaged in battles outside Santiago, and ultimately defeated the Spanish fleet in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba, leading to the end of the Spanish-American War after 16 weeks of fighting.
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The Spanish-American War marked the end of Spain's imperial power, leading to the loss of territories such as Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, while propelling the United States into foreign military involvement and territorial expansion.