Prompt Cast
Understanding Type 2 Diabetes and its Causes
TLDR Type 2 diabetes is a disorder of glucose and insulin, largely caused by being out of shape, overweight, and eating unhealthy foods. Symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, constant hunger, and unexplained weight loss. A very low calorie diet and significant weight loss can help normalize blood glucose levels in some people with type 2 diabetes.
Timestamped Summary
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Type 2 diabetes has tripled in the last 20 years, with 84 million Americans having pre-diabetes and 90% of them being unaware of it.
05:27
Type 2 diabetes is largely caused by being out of shape, being overweight, and eating unhealthy foods, and it is a disorder of glucose and insulin.
10:42
Insulin is responsible for taking glucose from the bloodstream and delivering it to cells, where it is used for various purposes, including storage, energy production, and protein synthesis.
15:51
Glucagon is produced by the body to mobilize glucose from storage in the liver and muscles, and to stimulate gluconeogenesis in the liver, in order to raise low blood sugar levels.
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Type one diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes, is caused by a lack of insulin in the blood due to the immune system attacking the beta cells that produce insulin.
26:45
Type two diabetes is characterized by higher insulin levels in the blood, but the body's cells do not respond to insulin properly, leading to insulin resistance.
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Symptoms of diabetes include excessive thirst, frequent urination, constant hunger, unexplained weight loss, glucose in the urine, fatigue, blurred vision, numbness in hands and feet, slow healing wounds, and a high frequency of infections.
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The lack of insulin in the body affects the kidneys, causing them to become overloaded with glucose and leading to frequent urination and thirst.
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The lack of insulin in the body leads to high blood glucose levels, causing the cells to turn their back on insulin and the body to produce its own glucose, resulting in weight loss, hunger, dehydration, poor circulation, changes in vision, and the potential for ketoacidosis, coma, and heart problems.
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A study found that a very low calorie diet can lead to normal fasting blood glucose levels in some people with type 2 diabetes.
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A study found that 40 percent of people with type 2 diabetes were able to reverse or at least normalize their fasting blood glucose levels through significant weight loss and reduced calorie intake.
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The section does not contain any relevant information about diabetes.
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