00:00 This podcast episode discusses the topic of temper tantrums and how they are not always the result of bad parenting.

04:44 Temper tantrums are normal for children between the ages of one and three, with a majority of children having at least one tantrum per week.

09:20 Temper tantrums consist of simultaneous feelings of anger and sadness, with the anger subsiding and leaving behind sadness, and can be divided into three stages: yelling and screaming, physical actions like throwing oneself on the floor, and whimpering and whining.

13:36 Temper tantrums in children are triggered by frustration, which leads to the fight or flight response and physical signs such as increased breathing, flushed skin, sweating, dilated pupils, and drilling and spitting.

18:19 To prevent temper tantrums, parents should establish a schedule for their kids and give them choices to make them feel empowered, and when a tantrum does occur, it's best to ignore it unless the child is in danger or causing harm.

22:44 To prevent temper tantrums, parents should remain neutral and not associate any attention or comfort with the tantrum, as well as be aware of any underlying causes such as hearing or vision problems, and after the tantrum has passed, take the time to explain to the child what went wrong or what they didn't do in a calm and understandable manner.

26:55 Children who have three or more tantrums per day lasting more than 15 minutes may be diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, which can lead to the prescription of antipsychotic medications, although critics argue that there is not enough data to support this new diagnosis.

31:37 If a child's tantrums are increasing after the age of four, it may be a red flag for an abnormality, but it doesn't necessarily mean they need medication; instead, parents should consider environmental factors and develop a plan to address the issue.

35:58 During puberty, the prefrontal cortex undergoes development again, causing emotional breaks to be lost and resulting in similar behaviors to temper tantrums in teenagers.

40:50 During a listener mail segment, a person shares their experience of positive amnesia after a near-fatal motorcycle accident, which ultimately helped them be less afraid of certain things and spared them from remembering traumatic surgeries and operations.