00:00 In 1816, the world experienced a year without a summer, causing chaos and misery worldwide.

01:47 In 1816, the year had no summer due to a combination of the Dalton Solar Minimum and the eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia.

03:21 The eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815 released millions of tons of ash and particulate matter into the atmosphere, causing a significant drop in temperatures and the destruction of crops worldwide.

04:50 The year 1816, known as the "year without a summer," was marked by constant frosts, freezing temperatures, agricultural disaster, drought, wildfires, and people resorting to scavenging for food.

06:21 The year without a summer in 1816 resulted in skyrocketing food prices, mass migration, and famine in both North America and Europe.

07:51 The year without a summer in 1816 led to the last famine in continental Europe, a glacial dam breaking in Switzerland, a typhus epidemic spreading throughout Europe, riots in England, France, and Germany, flooding and cholera outbreaks in China and India, and speculation about the cause of the global calamity.

09:16 The eruption of Mount Tambora in 1816 caused global temperatures to drop by 3°C, and while there have been other volcanic events with similar effects, none have come close to the impact of the year without a summer.