The Negative Effects of Light Pollution on the Environment and Human Health
TLDR Light pollution, caused by artificial lighting, has detrimental effects on the environment and human health. It disrupts ecosystems, affects wildlife behavior, and can lead to sleep disturbances, anxiety, and an increased risk of diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
Timestamped Summary
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Light pollution prevents us from seeing the Milky Way and other stars in the night sky.
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Light pollution prevents us from experiencing the true beauty of a dark night sky, and it is a type of pollution that is increasing due to artificial lighting.
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In the 1950s, people started to address the issue of light pollution, starting with the Flagstaff City Council in Arizona banning searchlights, and this led to the protection of dark skies in Flagstaff and Tucson.
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The International Dark Sky Association certifies dark sky places around the world, with about 170 of them currently certified.
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The four main types of light pollution are glare, light trespass, clutter, and contrast illumination.
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Sky Glow, which is the culmination of city lights and air pollution, is a problem caused by light pollution that can be seen from long distances and is particularly problematic with blue wavelength LED lights.
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The increasing number of satellites being launched, including Elon Musk's Starlink, is causing a problem for tracking Earth objects, astronomy, and indigenous cultures that rely on the night sky for navigation and rituals.
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Artificial light at night can disrupt bird migrations, cause bird strikes, impact nighttime pollinators and fruit production, and affect the behavior of plants and sea turtles.
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Sea turtles are negatively affected by artificial light on the beach, which can confuse them and lead them away from the water where they are safer.
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Artificial light at night, or light pollution, has negative effects on human health, including sleep disturbances, anxiety, stress, headaches, migraines, and an increased risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes. The American Medical Association has issued guidance on limiting the impact of LED outdoor lighting systems due to the evidence of its health impacts.
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Light pollution can be reduced by using street lights that shield from glare, preventing light trespass and sky glow, and questioning the necessity of excessive lighting, as studies show that adding more artificial light does not necessarily reduce crime and can even increase certain types of crime.
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Society & Culture