00:00 Pinball machines have a long history, dating back to the 19th century, and experienced a surge of innovation in the 1930s.

05:09 In the 1930s, there was a surge in pinball popularity due to the Great Depression, making pinball machines cheap entertainment that were widely available, and during this time, most of the features we associate with pinball machines today were introduced, except for flippers, which were not added until 1947 and fundamentally changed the game from one of chance to one of skill.

09:58 The Adams Family pinball game was the top-selling game of all time in 1991, selling over 20,000 units, and despite being illegal in most major cities in the US from the late 1940s to the mid-1970s, pinball remained popular and was played in pornography shops.

14:38 Pinball became popular again after World War II and was seen as a symbol of rebellious youth, but it was also illegal until a young man named Roger Sharp proved in a New York City Council meeting that it was a game of skill and not chance.

18:56 Pinball had its golden age between 1948 and 1958, but declined in popularity with the rise of video games, leading to the closure of many pinball machine producers, until a company called Balli Williams came up with pinball 2000, a hybrid of video gaming and pinball, which ultimately failed, leaving Stern as the only pinball machine manufacturer until Jersey Jack emerged.

23:34 Pinball is experiencing a renaissance, with a growing market for home sales and a rise in demand for vintage machines, with many being imported from overseas.

28:03 Pinballs are arranged in a way that allows players to learn various combinations and tricks to score points, with the ball itself being steel and weighing about 2.8 ounces, reaching speeds up to 90 miles an hour, sometimes using magnets or ceramic pinballs called power balls, hitting bumpers and targets to send messages to the motherboard that keeps track of the score, while the back glass of the pinball table serves as an advertisement and contains the electronics and solid state components, with the actual function of the pinball machine still being electromechanical.

32:29 Pinball play involves launching the ball using a plunger or solenoid, with solenoids being advantageous because they can launch multiple balls, and scoring in pinball involves hitting specific combination shots to earn high points.

37:12 Pinball games often have additional games within the game, such as poker or casino games, that players can unlock and play simultaneously with the main pinball game, and achieving certain goals in these additional games can earn players extra points or a free game.

41:37 The tilt mechanism in pinball machines is an old timey contraption that prevents cheating by tilting the machine, and if the metal ballast touches the copper ring, a current is formed and the flippers stop working.

45:48 The most important thing for a clinician to remember is that even if a patient's symptoms are all in their head, the patient is still experiencing them and should be treated accordingly.