The Historical Roots and Cultural Significance of the Fear of Zombies in Haitian Culture
TLDR The fear of becoming a zombie in Haitian culture has historical roots in the brutal conditions of slavery, with different types of zombies representing broken slaves and revolutionary slaves. The portrayal of Haitians as uncivilized and barbaric during the US occupation of Haiti perpetuated the narrative of the zombie as a walking monster, while later American horror films set in the Caribbean played on fears of racialized others rising up in protest.
Timestamped Summary
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The fear of becoming a zombie is deeply ingrained in Haitian culture and has historical roots.
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The fear of becoming a zombie is deeply ingrained in Haitian culture and has historical roots in the brutal conditions of slavery on plantations.
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The fear of becoming a zombie in Haitian culture is rooted in the conditions of slavery, with one type of zombie representing the broken slave and another type representing the revolutionary slave who resisted slavery.
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The US occupation of Haiti in the early 20th century led to the portrayal of Haitians as uncivilized and barbaric, which justified the US presence and perpetuated the narrative of the zombie as a walking monster.
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White Zombie, released in the 1930s, inspired a genre of American horror films set in the Caribbean that played on American fears of racialized others rising up in protest, perpetuating the narrative of the zombie as a primitive, creepy, and diabolical figure.
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Night of the Living Dead, directed by George Romero in 1968, set the tone for how we understand zombies now by featuring a black American student named Ben as the hero and exploring themes of race and consumerism, while Dawn of the Dead, released ten years later, continued to address these themes.
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Romero's films critique hyperconsumption, capitalism, and the banality of the mall, while also addressing themes of militarization and corruption in America, making them cult classics and parables about the country's flaws.
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The resurgence of zombie films after 2001, particularly in response to the September 11th attacks, reflects a deep concern about terrorism and the fear of other people, as well as the desire to maintain a sense of normalcy and consumerism in the face of such threats.
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Zombies have become a secular way for people to confront and imagine death, but some feel that the zombie genre has lost its radical power and the original meaning rooted in Haiti's history.
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History
Society & Culture