The Apache Wars: A Brutal and Lengthy Conflict Between the Apache Tribes and the United States
TLDR The Apache Wars were a series of long and brutal conflicts between the Apache tribes and the United States, resulting in atrocities committed on both sides. The wars were sparked by tensions between Cochise and the U.S. Army, and lasted for many years, ultimately leading to the Chiricowa tribe choosing to live in peace on reservations.
Timestamped Summary
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The Apache Wars were a series of skirmishes and conflicts between the Apache tribes and the United States, resulting in a long and brutal war with atrocities committed on both sides.
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The Chiricowa Apache were the central group involved in the Apache wars, but there were many misunderstandings and divisions among the Apache tribes, with some wanting to settle peacefully and others fighting to the death for their ancestral lands.
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The Apache tribes had a long history of brutal violence against their enemies, particularly Mexico, and were willing to team up with American settlers to fight against Mexico, but tensions arose when the Chiricawa Apache were not willing to give up their ancestral land in Arizona, leading to conflicts and the start of the Apache wars.
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The Apache Wars were sparked by tensions between Cochise and the U.S. Army, which escalated when Cochise's family was taken hostage and later killed, leading to retaliatory actions and the involvement of other Apache tribes.
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The Camp Grant Massacre in 1871, where the white settlers of Tucson preemptively massacred peaceful Apache, including women and children, had a significant impact on President Grant and led to a peace treaty with Cochise that lasted four years until his death and the resumption of the Apache Wars.
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Geronimo, a complicated and scarred man, became a leader among the Apache and attracted followers who wanted to fight and protect their ancestral lands, while others, like Chief Loco, believed in living peacefully and were against Geronimo's actions.
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The Chahaney tribe started fighting the Americans because Geronimo accidentally led them to a reservation where they weren't supposed to be, causing them to be discovered and forcing them to decide between living in a terrible reservation or living on the run.
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Chief Victoria and his band staged their own Apache war, which was so effective that both Mexico and America allowed the US army to enter Mexico to chase them, and they were eventually found and slaughtered by a Mexican-American joint expedition, with Chief Victoria's success largely attributed to his sister Lozen's incredible abilities as a fighter and strategist.
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Geronimo surrenders multiple times but keeps escaping due to the hatred and mistrust towards him, and on the last escape attempt, Crook is sent in with orders to either have Geronimo surrender unconditionally or die.
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Geronimo surrenders and negotiates terms to live in exile for two years, but the terms are not honored and he is never able to return to his ancestral land in South Arizona and New Mexico.
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The Apache wars were the longest lasting war in American history and were devastating for the Americans, with the Chiricowa tribe ultimately choosing to live in peace and adapt to reservation life.
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