Prompt Cast
Kidney Stones: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
TLDR Kidney stones can be caused by a variety of factors and can form anywhere in the urinary tract, leading to severe pain and complications. Treatment options range from natural methods to surgical removal, and prevention involves maintaining a balanced pH level and making dietary adjustments.
Timestamped Summary
00:00
Kidney stones are not only extremely painful, but they can also be deadly, with about 16,000 people dying from kidney stones or complications each year.
05:05
Kidney stones can form in various places in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, and they can cause severe pain and complications, with the upper urinary tract stones being more problematic.
10:04
Kidney stones can be formed by an excess of calcium or oxalate, certain bacterial infections, uric acid or cysteine, and they can be caused by a congenital disorder or a diet high in purines.
15:38
Kidney stones form when minerals in urine crystallize and cling to a node in the kidney, similar to how a snowflake grows from a dust moat.
20:58
Kidney stones can form anywhere in the urinary tract and can vary in appearance, with some being smooth and satisfying to pass, while others are spiky and extremely painful.
25:42
Kidney stones can cause extreme pain and discomfort, with the worst pain occurring when the stone is in the kidney or ureter, and the pain comes in waves called renal colic.
30:34
If kidney stones are smaller than 5 millimeters, there is a high chance of passing them naturally, but if they are larger, more invasive methods such as lethawtripsy or uteroscopy may be needed to remove or break up the stones.
35:23
The surgical removal of a kidney stone the size of a shot put is called percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and it involves making a small incision in the lower back and using a thin scope to break up and remove the stone.
41:05
To prevent kidney stones, it is recommended to drink plenty of water, maintain a balanced pH level in the body, and make dietary adjustments such as reducing animal proteins, salt, and oxalate intake.
46:03
When kidney stones detach from the wall of the kidney, that is when the pain begins, and the pain can be severe, with symptoms such as fever, chills, and spasms occurring as the stone tries to pass through the ureters and into the bladder.
51:19
Surgical removal of kidney stones, known as lithotomy, has been practiced for thousands of years, with varying success rates and high mortality rates until the 19th century.
56:29
The episode ends with various ads for different products and services.
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